institutional learning meaning in Chinese
制度性学习
Examples
- The early - developing countries can get monopolistic profits in international trade by technology advantage ahead of others . the later - developing countries cannot get these profits , but they can get gains from trade by backward advantage . the later - developing countries " competitive advantage ( or backward advantage ) come from the lower cost of labor , and combined with flowing - in of foreign capital , technological learning and institutional learning
先发国家凭借经济发展和技术领先所形成的竞争优势，在贸易中可以获得大量的超额收益；后发国家由于经济发展和技术落后则不可能获得这种超额收益，但他们可以利用劳动成本低，通过引进资本、技术学习和制度学习所形成的竞争优势即后发优势，在贸易中获得后发利益。 - This dissertation stresses that evaluation should act as a tool for individual and institutional learning in order to promote education sustained development . the preface of the dissertation concretely expounds and defines the aims , range and methods of this research and against historical backgrounds of 20th century , aims to retrospect and analyze the theory and practice of china higher education evaluation . the first chapter puts forward the problems existing in theory and practice of conventional evaluation on china higher education
首先，本文通过梳理教育评价方法和模式变革的发展趋势之后，认为未来的教育评价是从奖惩性评价转向发展性评价；然后，本文基于这种发展性评价的理念，对我国传统高等教育评价实践与理论现状进行反思，认为我国传统高等教育评价在实践上存在着评价指标的凝固性、评价主体的单一性、评价模式的封闭性和价值取向的收敛性等问题；在理论上存在着理论基础薄弱、缺乏模式的动态分析、指标体系缺乏实证调查等问题。